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John Floyd (April 24, 1783 – August 17, 1837) was a Virginia politician and soldier. He represented Virginia in the United States House of Representatives and later served as the 25th Governor of Virginia. During his career in the House of Representatives, Floyd was an advocate of settling the Oregon Country, unsuccessfully arguing on its behalf from 1820 until he left Congress in 1829; the area did not become a territory of the United States until 1848. In 1832, Floyd received votes for the Presidency of the United States, running in the Nullifier Party. He carried South Carolina and its 11 electoral votes. While governor of Virginia, the Nat Turner slave rebellion occurred and Floyd initially supported emancipation of slavery, but eventually went with the majority. His term as governor saw economic prosperity for the state. == Family and early life == Floyd was born at Floyds Station, Virginia, near what is now Louisville, Kentucky.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress )〕 His parents were pioneer John Floyd, who was killed by Native Americans twelve days before his son's birth,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=John Floyd (1783-1837) )〕 and Jane Buchanan. His first cousin was Charles Floyd, the only member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition to die. In a letter dated 15th December 1830, Sam Houston stated that Floyd was the first cousin of another Lewis and Clark Explorer, Nathaniel Pryor. Floyd was educated at home and at a nearby log schoolhouse before enrolling in Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania at the age of thirteen.〔 He became a member of the Union Philosophical Society in 1797.〔Dorman (1982), p. 68.〕 Although he matriculated with the class of 1798, he had to withdraw due to financial troubles.〔 His guardian had failed in his payments and family accounts relate Floyd was so poor that "he was obliged to borrow a pair of panteloons from a boatman" to return to his home in Kentucky. When his step-father, Alexander Breckinridge, died in 1801, he was able to return, but had to withdraw again due to a lung illness.〔〔 He moved to Philadelphia and was placed under the care of Dr. Benjamin Rush, an experience that influenced his decision to pursue a medical career.〔 After an apprenticeship in Louisville, Kentucky, Floyd enrolled in the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia in 1804 and became an honorary member of the Philadelphia Medical Society and a member of the Philadelphia Medical Lyceum.〔Ambler (1914), pp. 31-32.〕 Floyd was graduated in 1806 and his graduating dissertation was entitled ''An Enquiry into the Medical Properties of the Magnolia Tripetala and Magnolia Acuminata''.〔〔〔 He moved to Lexington, Virginia and then to the town of Christiansburg, Virginia.〔〔 Floyd also served as a Justice of the Peace in 1807. In 1804 Floyd married Letitia Preston, who came from a prominent southwest Virginian family. She was the daughter of William Preston and Susannah Smith, and sister of Francis Preston, of Abingdon, Washington County Virginia. They had 12 children, including: * John Buchanan Floyd, (1806–1863), Governor of Virginia, and Secretary of War under President Buchanan. * Nicketti Buchanan Floyd, married United States Senator John Warfield Johnston. * George Rogers Clark Floyd, Secretary of Wisconsin Territory and later a member of the West Virginia Legislature * Eliza Lavalette Floyd, married professor George Frederick Holmes Floyd was a surgeon with the rank of major in the Virginia State Militia from 1807 to 1812. At the outbreak of the War of 1812, Floyd moved his family to a new home near present-day Virginia Tech to be near friends and entered the regular army.〔Ambler (1914), p. 34.〕 On July 13, 1813, he was appointed surgeon of Lt. Col. James McDowell's Flying Camp in the Virginia militia.〔Dorman (1982), pp. 69-70.〕 When he returned from a leave of absence, he discovered someone else had been appointed to replace him, and so his service in this role ended on November 16, 1813.〔 Floyd was then commissioned as major of the militia on April 20, 1814 and was promoted to the rank of brigadier general of the 17th Brigade of Virginia militia.〔 He served until he was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1814.〔 During this time, he moved his family again, this time to Thorn Spring, a large plantation in Montgomery County, Virginia.〔 Thornspring (Pulaski) (Thornspring Golf Course) was inherited by Letitia Preston Floyd from her father William Preston and was located near her older brother, Virginia Treasurer, Gen John Preston, and his Horseshoe Bottoms Plantation (Radford Army Ammunition Plant). They both were near the Prestons Smithfield home (Virginia Tech) that their father had completed in Montgomery county for their mother, Susannah Smith Preston, before he died. John Floyd used to keep Bears chained to the tree on the lawns of the Thornspring Plantation (Pulaski, VA). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Floyd (Virginia politician)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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